ABSTRACT
Objective:To determine the effect of short-term high protein and low carbohydrate diet interventions on weight-related metabolic indexes in obese patients with hypertension.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted on 200 obese patients with hypertension who underwent physical examination and weight management in Shenzhen People′s Hospital from May 2015 to December 2019. Among them, 100 patients were given routine diet education (control group), and 100 patients were given high protein and low carbohydrate diet interventions (experimental group). After eight weeks, changes in body weight, body mass index, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, blood lipid, and medical expenses were compared. T-test and Wilcoxon rank sum test were used to compare the differences between the two groups before and after the interventions. When P<0.05, it was considered significantly different. Results:After the intervention, body weight, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and medical expenses of the experimental group decreased [79.0 (74.0, 85.0) vs 70.0 (66.0, 72.0) kg; 28.5 (26.8, 29.5) vs 26.1 (25.4, 27.7) kg/m 2; 168.0 (162.0, 178.0) vs 160.0 (154.0, 166.0) mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa); 101.0 (98.0, 108.0) vs 97.0 (90.5, 98.0) mmHg; 5.25 (4.80, 5.52) vs 4.95 (4.70, 5.20) mmol/L; 5.80 (5.27, 6.40) vs 5.40 (5.00, 5.80) mmol/L; 1.25 (0.90, 1.50) vs 1.10 (0.90, 1.20) mmol/L;(669.6±21.6) vs (646.4±21.3) CNY, respectively] (all P<0.05). The body weight of the control group decreased [78.0(73.3, 83.0) vs 79.5(74.5, 85.0) kg] ( P<0.05). The control group′s body mass index, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and medical expenses had no significant changes (all P>0.05). Conclusion:Short-term, high protein, low carbohydrate diet intervention can effectively reduce weight, hypertension, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and medical expenses in obese patients with hypertension.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of quantitative fecal immunochemical test (fecal immunochemical test, FIT) in the screening of colorectal cancer and precancerous lesions.Methods:47 243 patients who underwent quantitative FIT screening for colorectal cancer in the Health Management Department of Shenzhen People′s Hospital from January 2019 to October 2020 were enrolled as subjects. Colonoscopy was recommended for patients with positive quantitative FIT. A follow-up was done after one year to compare the results of the quantitative FIT positive group and the negative group after colonoscopy. Data were adjusted by propensity score matching method and a receiver operating characteristic curve ( ROC) was established to evaluate the diagnostic effect of quantitative FIT combined with colonoscopy on colorectal cancer and precancerous lesions. Results:A hemoglobin concentration>100 μg/L was set as a positive threshold. There were 2 472 positive cases of quantitative FIT, and the positive rate was 5.23%. After one-year follow-up, 284 patients had completed colonoscopy; the colonoscopy compliance was 11.49%. Of the negative population, 1 493 patients selected colonoscopy within one year. Compared with the results of gold standard colonoscopy, the sensitivity and specificity of quantitative FIT for screening for advanced adenoma and cancer were 26.53% and 86.54%, respectively. The sensitivity for colorectal cancer screening was 94.44% and screening for advanced adenoma was 22.77%. After propensity score matching, there were 256 FIT positive patients and 705 FIT negative patients. Colorectal cancer was the outcome variable, while FIT combined with colonoscopy, age combined with colonoscopy, and FIT combined with age combined with colonoscopy were the diagnostic indicators. The areas under the curve were 0.841(95% CI:0.778-0.904), 0.677(95% CI: 0.535-0.820), and 0.882(95% CI:0.807-0.958), respectively. Conclusion:Quantitative FIT has a high susceptibility to opportunistic screening for colorectal cancer, and a low sensitivity to advanced adenoma. At the same time, quantitative FIT combined with colonoscopy has a good diagnostic accuracy for colorectal cancer, which is better than the effect of using age as a cut-off point for colonoscopy. Quantitative FIT combined with age and colonoscopy has the best effect on screening for colorectal cancer. Quantitative FIT has a high sensitivity to colorectal cancer and a low sensitivity to advanced adenoma.